GitHub has released its annual State of Programming, revealing the most popular programming languages ​​and open source projects on the code-sharing service for developers. Just a few years ago, Microsoft acquired GitHub for $7.5 billion as part of its plan to attract more developers. GitHub has now become a hub for 40 million developers to work remotely, collaborate, and share code for personal, professional, and other projects. In the following, we will get to know 10 popular programming languages

Ruby

Ruby is an open-source programming language. This language has tried to prioritize simplicity of use and coding. According to the creator of the Ruby language, the philosophy of this language is to focus on simplicity, trying to increase the productivity of programmers. Ruby was created by Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto. This programming language was published in 1995 and after that its popularity increased over time. Ruby is a fully object-oriented and highly dynamic language. Due to its ease of use, Ruby is a very good choice when you want to code a program quickly. Ruby is usually compared to Python among programming languages; In this comparison, in the field of web development, Ruby is the clear winner. While many consider Python to be much easier to learn than Ruby.

C

C is one of the oldest programming languages today and was created by Dennis Ritchie in 1972. This language is a programming language designed for a wide range of computer systems and hardware. Many popular languages, including Java, PHP, and JavaScript, have their roots in C.

Many programmers consider C a basic programming language. The C language can be considered almost a versatile language whose scope of application ranges from system software and desktop programs to the Internet of Things and evaluating mathematical equations. One of the main reasons why this language has been among the popular programming languages ​​for all these years is its high flexibility and adaptability.

This programming language, along with C++ and Java, created MATLAB. MATLAB language is used in engineering sciences and its name is derived from the combination of two words Matrix and Laboratory. Carrying out a MATLAB project requires the programmer to have an understanding of mathematics and the technologies of the desired project, and this language is generally used for complex mathematical calculations. For example, we can mention the Abacus subroutine, which is used in the field of mechanical engineering and determines the mechanical behavior of various materials.

Shell

The Shell language is particularly popular in the IT sector and allows users to write commands that directly tell the operating system what to do. This language can be used to automate common processes such as remote application installation or removal or management, backup, and copying of files. Shell is used in Linux and Unix and its user interface is also known as the command line.

The history of this programming language dates back to 1970. This language was written by Ken Thomson and then further developed by Bourne Shell in 1977. Later versions of Shell in 1980 added to the popularity of this programming language and its side versions.

The main advantage of the shell that makes it a popular programming language is its ability to automate repetitive tasks. You can compare the uses of this language with C and C++ languages; But in general, working with Shell is easier than working with C language.

TypeScript

TypeScript is an open-source programming language provided and developed by Microsoft. This language is not only one of the most popular programming languages but also one of the fastest-growing languages. This language is very close to JavaScript but with more powerful features that help developers build large-scale applications. TypeScript is also supported in Microsoft’s code editor called Visual Studio.

If you are familiar with JavaScript programming language, using TypeScript will not be difficult for you. TypeScript is also compatible with popular JavaScript readers, making your work easier. One of the main reasons for the popularity of this programming language is the increased efficiency of programming teams when using TypeScript. Of course, this language has its disadvantages, among which we can mention the excessive complexity of its typing system.

C++

C++ language dates back to 1979. Bjarne Stroustrup created the C++ language while working on his Ph.D. thesis. He introduced the language as a way to add additional features to the C language. Currently, this language is still widely used, because it is considered a basic and basic language in many operating systems, browsers, and games.

The two main features that have made this language popular are its high speed and hardware compatibility. This language, like the Ruby programming language, is an object-oriented language. This language is widely used in making animations and making games. It is interesting to know that C++ language is known as the safest programming language.

C#

#C (C#) was created in 2000 by the Microsoft im team headed by Anders Hejlsberg. This language is similar to the Java programming language and can be used to create smartphone applications, games, and enterprise software. This language is an object-oriented and multi-paradigm programming language.

C# is a very safe programming language based on C and C++; However, C# is much easier to use than these two programming languages. Programs written in C# can be used on any operating system. The main drawback of this language is its inflexibility. This language is also used in the Unity engine. By 2020, this language has been updated nearly 12 times by Microsoft.

PHP

PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor, an open-source programming language for web development and creating interactive web pages. The language also works well with databases and has been used by Facebook and Yahoo. However, developers have long considered it one of the worst programming languages ​​and mocked it.

This language was written by Danish Rasmus Lerdorf. The initial idea of ​​making this script started in 1994 in Lerforf’s mind and he wrote it to do some work on his website. He developed the second version in 1997 and the third version in 1998. In 2015, the seventh version of this language was presented, which brought many changes.

One of the major disadvantages of this language is its slowness and security bugs and it’s not suitable for desktop applications. On the other hand, one of the biggest advantages of PHP is that it is easy to learn.

Java

Java was first developed in 1995 by Sun Microsystems. Of course, this language was later developed by Oracle. Java is an open-source, object-oriented programming language used by companies such as Twitter and Netflix. It is interesting to know that Java is a standard language for large companies. Developers have used Java to create smartphone and web applications, games, and database-driven software. This language is similar to C++ and C# and has a lot in common with C++ in terms of writing. This language is constantly being updated.

The name of this language is an abbreviation of Just Another Vague Acronym. This phrase shows the great interest of the creators of this language in coffee; An interest that, in addition to Java’s name, also shows itself in its logo. Java is easy to learn and this, along with the security of this programming language, has made Java popular. This language is an ideal programming language for the field of the Internet of Things and cloud development. However, UIs created using this language are less attractive and this is one of the main disadvantages of Java. It is interesting to know that the programmers who work with this language are among the highest-paid programmers.

The motto that Java is based on is “write once and run anywhere”.

Python

Python is both one of the most popular programming languages ​​and one of the fastest programming languages. In terms of popularity, this language has reached third place in 2019. This open-source, object-oriented language is often used for artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science applications. It is much easier to learn and start working with this language than other languages, and many of the complexities of other programming languages ​​are not present in Python. On the other hand, Python can be run on any operating system.

This language dates back to 1991. The Python language was created this year by Gideon Rossum. One of the main reasons for Python’s popularity is that the coding steps in this language are done with fewer steps compared to other programming languages. Python is easy to learn and the high productivity of this language has made many developers prefer this programming language.

However, Python takes up a lot of memory, and this, along with its slow speed, is one of the main disadvantages of this popular programming language.

JavaScript

JavaScript is the most popular programming language in the world. The reason for this is that this language is one of the main languages ​​used in creating web pages. JavaScript is widely used in website design. This language helps make web pages interactive and is also used to make games. Developers love this language because it is lightweight, flexible, and powerful. You might think that just as C, C#, and C++ are related to each other, Java and JavaScript probably have the same roots, but this is not true, and Java and JavaScript have nothing to do with each other.

This programming language is considered one of the most demanded languages, and another reason why programmers are interested in this language is its suitable job position. Because today many programmers are working in international companies or freelance programming sites, knowing about the global work capacities for this language has increased its popularity among programmers who are interested in remote work. You should not forget that this language can easily be integrated with other programming languages ​​and can integrate.

This language was created in 1995 by Netscape and was initially known as LiveScript. The creator of this language was named Brendan Ike. After the name of this language was changed to JavaScript and due to the popularity of Java language at that time, many mistakenly considered these two languages ​​to be the same. The problem of security and vulnerability is the biggest weakness of JavaScript at the moment. The slowness and difficulty of fixing the bugs of the written program are among the other disadvantages of this programming language.